Isifunda esiningi esinamandla amakhulu esinekhabethe lomthwalo, inqwaba, esindayo, ebizayo, ukufakwa okungalungile nokunye.I-EAK super water-cooled load resistor ukukusiza ukuxazulula amandla amakhulu, usayizi omncane, ushibhile nezinye izinzuzo eziningi.
Ukwengeza, kuzo zombili izimoto zikagesi kanye ne-hybrid, i-regenerative braking iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthola amandla ngokushaja ibhethri, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ithola amandla amaningi kunalokho ibhethri elingakwazi ukuwaphatha.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezinkulu ezifana namaloli, amabhasi kanye nemishini engekho emgwaqeni,Lezi zimoto ziqala ukwehla okude isikhathi eside lapho amabhethri eseshajwe ngokugcwele.Esikhundleni sokuthumela umthamo oweqile ebhethrini, isisombululo uwukuthumela kumshini wokunqanda amabhuleki noma isethi yezinsimbi zamabhuleki ezisebenzisa ukumelana nokuguqula amandla kagesi zibe ukushisa, futhi zikhiphele ukushisa emoyeni ozungezile.Inhloso eyinhloko yesistimu iwukuba ukuze ulondoloze umphumela wokubhuleka ngenkathi uvikela ibhethri ekushajweni ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kabusha, futhi ukutholwa kwamandla kuyisisusa esiwusizo. "Uma uhlelo selucushiwe, kunezindlela ezimbili zokusebenzisa ukushisa," kusho i-EAK.“Eyokuqala ukushisa ibhethri.Ebusika, ibhethri lingase ligodole ngokwanele ukulilimaza, kodwa isistimu ingavimbela lokho ukuthi kungenzeki.Ungaphinde uyisebenzisele ukufudumala ikhabethe.”
Eminyakeni eyi-15-20, lapho kungenzeka khona, ukubhuleka kuzoba ukuvuselela, hhayi okomshini: lokhu kudala amathuba okugcina nokusebenzisa kabusha amandla okubhuleka avuselelekayo, kunokuba nje uwalahle njengokushisa okumoshayo.Amandla angagcinwa ebhethrini lemoto noma endaweni eyisiza, njenge-flywheel noma i-supercapacitor.
Ezimotweni zikagesi, ikhono le-DBR lokumunca futhi liqondise kabusha amandla lisiza ngokubhuleka okuvuselelayo.Ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo kusebenzisa amandla e-kinetic engeziwe ukushaja ibhethri lemoto kagesi.
Lokhu ikwenza ngoba izinjini zemoto esebenza ngogesi zingahamba ngezindlela ezimbili: enye isebenzisa ugesi ukushayela amasondo nokunyakazisa imoto, kanti enye isebenzisa amandla ekhinetiki engeziwe ukushaja ibhethri.Njengoba umshayeli ephakamisa unyawo lwakhe esuka endaweni enyathela igesi futhi ecindezela ibhuleki, injini iyamelana nokunyakaza kwemoto, “Ishintsha indlela,” futhi iqala ukufaka kabusha amandla ebhethrini. ulahlekelwe amandla e-kinetic abe namandla agcinwe ebhethrini.
Ngokwesilinganiso, i-regenerative braking iphakathi kuka-60% no-70% ukusebenza kahle, okusho ukuthi cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamandla e-kinetic alahlekile ngesikhathi sokubhuleka angagcinwa futhi agcinwe kumabhethri e-EV ukuze asheshiswe kamuva, lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamandla emoto futhi kwelula impilo yebhethri. .
Nokho, i-regenerative braking ayikwazi ukusebenza yodwa.I-DBR iyadingeka ukwenza le nqubo iphephe futhi isebenze kahle.Uma ibhethri yemoto isivele igcwele noma isistimu ihluleka, amandla angaphezu kwamandla awanayo indawo yokuhlakazeka, okungabangela ukuthi lonke uhlelo lokubhuleka luhluleke.Ngakho-ke, i-DBR ifakwe ukuze kuhlakazwe la mandla engeziwe, angafaneleki ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo, futhi ukuwahlakaza ngokuphepha njengokushisa.
Kuma-resistors apholile amanzi, lokhu kushisa kushisa amanzi, angasetshenziswa kwenye indawo emotweni ukushisa i-cab yemoto noma ukushisa ibhethri ngokwayo, ngoba ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokushisa kwayo okusebenzayo.
Umthwalo Onzima
I-DBR ayibalulekile kuphela ohlelweni olujwayelekile lokubhuleka lwe-EV.Uma kuziwa ezinhlelweni zokubhuleka zamaloli asindayo kagesi (HGV) , ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwengeza esinye isendlalelo.
Amaloli athwala kanzima abhuleka ngendlela ehlukile kunezimoto ngoba awathembele ngokuphelele ekugijimeni amabhuleki ukuze abambezele.Kunalokho, basebenzisa ama-auxiliary noma ama-endurance braking systems enza imoto ihambe kancane kanye namabhuleki omgwaqo.
Azishisi ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuwohloka isikhathi eside futhi zinciphisa ingozi yokubola kwamabhuleki noma ukuhluleka kwamabhuleki omgwaqo.
Emalolini amakhulu kagesi, amabhuleki ayavuselela, anciphisa ukuguga emgwaqeni futhi andisa impilo yebhethri nobubanzi.
Nokho, lokhu kungaba yingozi uma isistimu yehluleka noma ibhethri lingashajwa ngokugcwele.Sebenzisa i-DBR ukuze uchithe amandla engeziwe ngendlela yokushisa ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha kwesistimu yokubhuleka.
Ikusasa le-hydrogen
Nokho, i-DBR ayidlali nje indima ekubhulekeni.Kufanele futhi sicabangele ukuthi zingaba kanjani nomthelela omuhle emakethe ekhulayo yezimoto zikagesi ze-hydrogen fuel cell (FCEV) .Nakuba i-FCEV ingase ingenzeki ekusetshenzisweni okubanzi, ubuchwepheshe bukhona, futhi ngokuqinisekile bunamathemba esikhathi eside.
I-FCEV inikwa amandla yi-Proton exchange membrane fuel cell.I-FCEV ihlanganisa uphethiloli we-hydrogen nomoya bese iyimpompa ku-fuel cell ukuze iguqule i-hydrogen ibe ugesi.Uma isingaphakathi kwe-fuel cell, iqala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuholela ekukhishweni kwama-electron ku-hydrogen.La ma-electron abe esekhiqiza ugesi, ogcinwa kumabhethri amancane asetshenziselwa ukuphehla izimoto.
Uma i-hydrogen esetshenziswa ukuwanika amandla ikhiqizwa ngogesi emithonjeni evuselelekayo, umphumela uba uhlelo lokuthutha olungenayo i-carbon ngokuphelele.
Okuwukuphela kwemikhiqizo yokugcina ye-fuel cell reactions ugesi, amanzi nokushisa, futhi okuwukuphela kwekhaphusi umhwamuko wamanzi nomoya, okwenza kuhambisane kakhulu nokwethulwa kwezimoto zikagesi.Nokho, banezihibe ezithile zokusebenza.
Amaseli kaphethiloli awakwazi ukusebenza ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo isikhathi eside, okungabangela izinkinga lapho esheshisa noma ehla ngokushesha.
Ucwaningo mayelana nomsebenzi we-fuel cell lubonisa ukuthi lapho i-fuel cell iqala ukusheshisa, amandla okukhipha i-fuel cell kancane kancane akhuphuka aze afike ezingeni elithile, kodwa abese eqala ukugoqa futhi ehle, nakuba ijubane lihlala lifana.Lokhu kuphuma kwamandla okungathembekile kubangela inselele kubenzi bezimoto.
Isixazululo ukufaka ama-fuel cell ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamandla aphezulu kunesidingo.Isibonelo, uma i-FCEV idinga amandla angama-kilowatts (kW) angu-100, ukufaka i-fuel cell engu-120 kW kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi okungenani u-100 kW wamandla adingekayo uhlala etholakala, ngisho noma amandla okukhipha amandla e-fuel cell ehla.
Ukukhetha lesi sixazululo kudinga i-DBR ukuthi isuse amandla amaningi ngokwenza imisebenzi ethi "Layisha iqembu" lapho ingadingeki.
Ngokumunca amandla eqile, i-DBR ingavikela amasistimu kagesi e-FCEV futhi iwavumele ukuthi aphendule kahle kakhulu ezidingweni zamandla aphezulu futhi asheshise futhi ehle ngokushesha ngaphandle kokugcina amandla engeziwe ebhethri.
Abenzi bezimoto kufanele bacabangele izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokwakheka lapho bekhetha i-DBR yezinhlelo zokusebenza zemoto kagesi.Kuzo zonke izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi (kungaba ibhethri noma i-fuel cell) , ukwenza izingxenye zibe lula futhi zihlangane ngangokunokwenzeka kuyisidingo esiyinhloko sokuklama.
Kuyisixazululo se-modular, okusho ukuthi amayunithi angafika kwamahlanu angahlanganiswa engxenyeni eyodwa ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamandla afinyelela ku-125kW.
Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokupholisa amanzi, ukushisa kungahlakazwa ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwesidingo sezingxenye ezengeziwe, njengabalandeli, njengama-resistors apholile emoyeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-08-2024
